Jews+From+Nazi+Germany

toc

= __Migration Information__ = (1933-1939) Forced Migration is a term defined by: migration due to a well founded fear of persecution. In Nazi Germany life conditions for the Jewish population had hit an all time low with Hitler assuming the Chancellorship of Germany. Their lives were threatened on a daily basis. Kirstallnacht or “The Night of Broken Glass” is an example of the violent hatred expressed towards the Jews. On that day there was a minimum of 96 murdered, hundreds injured, 1,000 synagogues burnt to the floor, and 7,500 businesses destroyed. Their life was in peril and thus they were forced to move. Furthermore, Hitler and the German government had also taken it upon themselves to move the undesired population and thus they transported them into “relocation camps” across the Polish border.

= = =__Push/Pull Factors__ =


 * Push Factors**: listed below are reasons and causes of the Jewish emigration from Nazi Germany.


 * Jews were at an economic disadvantage. They not only had to turn in their precious metals to the government but the laws that were established throughout the nation to help protect tenant rights were suspended when it came to the Jews.
 * Their safety was at risk as they were not allowed to own, carry, or acquire fire-arms or stabbing weapons. Therefore they had no self-defense.
 * Their pride was at stake as their work was not allowed to be published. Art, stock, literature, crafts, and jewelry was mostly alienated from the German state so their pride and occupational talents could not be fully expressed.
 * Their rights as citizens of Germany were demolished as they were not allowed to own a radio, own a driver’s license, or own carrier pigeons,
 * Finally, the Jews were physically and forcefully separated from the Germans into towns and neighborhoods that were known as “ghettoes”


 * Pull Factors**: listed below are reasons and causes of Jewish immigration into other land.


 * As Jews immigrated to other lands, economic opportunities opened up again and introduced themselves to the new coming population. In new lands they had a fresh start to build a healthy economic base and seek a financially stable life.
 * Their rights as citizens in new host countries were not discriminatory and they shared most of the same vital rights as the citizens themselves.
 * They could express their selves through their occupations in their new homes and their work was not alienated from them.
 * America especially had the “land of dreams” appeal to the Jews. They could find new jobs, enjoy a luxurious life-style, and enjoy freedom and liberty.

= __'Migration' Laws__ =

The emigration of the Jews from Nazi Germany can also be looked upon as the migration of Jews into the many different countries of the world. With migration comes a set model or ‘laws’ that characterize the usual trends of migration. So does Jewish emigration from Nazi Germany abide by any of these laws? Many of Ravenstein’s laws are a perfect fit to this specific case of migration.

= = =__Effect on Source __= = =
 * 1) Most of the primary or first step migration done by the Jews where in neighboring and conveniently close countries (refer to select graphic concerning the Diaspora of the Jews under “Effects on Destination”
 * 2) Migration did occur in steps (they did not all go to the United States or Palestine directly)
 * 3) Large towns grow more by migration than by natural increase (at the set specific time period most cities that received Jewish immigrants received more Migration increased with economic development (America was economically developed and the Jews sought it as if it were utopia)
 * 4) Migration is mostly due to economic causes (even though they were in physical danger, the reason most Jews absolutely had to leave their homes and their country was because the German State had assumed control of most of their capital.)

As with all Immigration there are effects both on the source and the new host countries involved. For said Jewish emigration from Germany there were many negative and positive effects. Economically, the Jews had provided for a large vital part of the workforce and their services were a great pillar in the economy of Germany, so after their removal German economy had dropped to an inadequate level. Politically, now Germany was officially a Nazi country with the unique blond hair and blue eyes idea burned into each of their brains. It promoted the anti-semetic ideal now that they had successfully been evacuated from the country. Furthermore, the emigration of Jews had been followed by the destruction of 1000 synagogues and the destruction of Jewish businesses causing a high rate of vandalism which served to be detrimental to the Germany’s infrastructure. The final and most significant effect the Jewish emigration had was lowering German moral. Feelings of guilt and disgust filled up amongst the German’s and their feel that they owe retribution to the Jewish community has provided as a weakness of the German Nation. In addition, the cruel decision of Adolf Hitler to persecute the Jewish people led to harsh economical sanctions and trades agreements that became cut.

Politically, Germany had suffered a huge 'hiccup' in terms of trust and ability to conform the society. National Leaders and Presidents had the daunting task of reforming Germany in the shadow of Hitler's reign of terror. People had much less faith and trust in the government, and the leaders were forced to reinstate this trust, without the use of force. Leaders also had to make alliances and rekindle strong diplomatic ties, in order to reestablish their political stability.

= = =__Effect on Destination__ =

 Any mass migration of a large amount of people affects social, political and environmental aspects. The Jews fleeing from Germany, primarily to the U.S.A and Israel, is no exception. The society of the region completely changed overnight, new policies were written, and the environment was forced to house these new inhabitants. One of the greatest examples of consequences of actions is the emigration of the Jewish people. Due Adolf Hitler’s genocide of the Jews, among other ethnic groups, the Jews of Europe migrate mainly to Israel or America. This, in turn, brought cultural confusion and social disagreements in the region of Israel and Palestine. This causes one of the most difficult disputes in history, the Arab-Israeli conflict. The social issues in the region were the lighter to the fuel, creating a conflict that has been ongoing for over 50 years. These social issues remain, even today, as one of the major obstacles that are hindering the peace process, and therefore, a peacefully solution to the conflict.

The politics of the region drastically changed after the arrival of the Jews. As part of the social dispute, the political policies of almost all nations in the Middle East changed to augment disputed and occupied territories, such as Israel and Palestine. Due to the seemingly ineffectiveness of current peace methods, Israel’s government contains many different kinds of political parties, ranging from far left to center to far right. In addition, certain organization found it a high priority to solve this conflict, adding media coverage and an increase on foreign relations, whether good or bad.

The environment has had to support this sudden increase in people, in the region. Israel has limited resources, and, given its foreign relations with neighbouring nations, certain resources are scarce. The fact that hundreds of thousand Jews have know started the country are not entirely helping the situation. Additionally, there are parts of Israel which are inhabitable, which a forcing more people into smaller areas. Israel’s current population density is 324/km2, which ranks 34th amongst the other nations in the world. Important resources, such as water, are quickly being distributed less and less evenly.

For the United States, which gained the largest amount Jewish people after Israel, the effects have been mainly positive. Following Ravenstien's Third Law of Migration, many of the Israeli immigrants settled in large cities, with large commerce and/or industries. The United States has, over time, become a largely multicultural, which eliminates many of culture and society issues that arose in the Middle East. This large influx of Jewish people would actually become one of the many catalysts of the diversity and multiculturalism on the nation today. Additionally, given the United States Declaration of Independence, general rights and other legal rights, the Jewish people in the United States are generally happy, as they are not oppressed by the government, and are allowed to live their peacefully.



Economically, the Jewish people have had a positive influence on the United States' economy. In general, the Jewish people are very successfully economically, which has only increased wealth in the U.S. This may be one of the reasons that the U.S. allowed and encouraged many of the displaced Jewish people to come to America. America has prospered by the decision, and The Jewish people in America are satisfied.

=  __Predicted Long Term Effects__ =

 Many things have changed and will continue to change amongst the migrant population of the Jewish people. In the United States, I feel, little will change in the coming years, as both the U.S.A and the Jewish immigrants are happy there. Where things will change, however, is Israel. One that can be seen today is their political view and approach. The largely Jewish territory of Israel has focussed much of their time and money into military, in order to cement their survival and land as their own. They have become less tolerant to oppression, and are not afraid to take action if they feel their security is threatened. I believe that once the Arab-Israeli issue is resolved, the Jewish people in Israel will live peacefully and prosper, much like they are living now in America or Southern America, assuming the conflict ends with diplomatic means. The one outcome that seems highly unlikely, is a repeat of the Holocaust, as now, the Jews have proven through the various attempts to destroy Israel by Arab nations, that they will no longer tolerate these forced migrations. 

= __Sources__ = __**Data**__  "http://books.google.com/books?id=2kSovzudhFUC&pg=PA1063&lpg=PA1063&dq=Jewish+migration+effects+on+middle+ East&source=bl&ots=0byqk1dIF6&sig=xtYWQ4JJx22GZWkDnexLPeZPq0c&hl=en&ei=ZvfZSqbOM4yD_Abby9nIDA&sa=X&oi=book_ result&ct=result&resnum=10&ved=0CC0Q6AEwCQ#v=onepage&q=Jewish%20migration%20effects%20on%20middle%20East&f=false"

http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/kristallnacht.html http://www.couragetocare.com.au/SiteMedia/w3svc006/Uploads/Images/6d810662-6a67-4b29-aef3-041fac297210.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_the_United_States http://www.sandrawilliams.org/HOLOCAUST/holocaust.html http://andrewsullivan.theatlantic.com/.a/6a00d83451c45669e20120a5b5e19e970b-500wi http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/GERjews.htm https://www.policyarchive.org/bitstream/handle/10207/17077/Jewish%20ImmigrationUS.pdf

= = <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Segoe UI'; font-size: 14.4px; line-height: normal; white-space: pre;">__**Images**__ <span style="color: #000000; font-family: 'Segoe UI'; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; white-space: pre;">

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jewish_Population_2000.png

http://samsonblinded.org/images/jews-vs-emigrants.gif

http://www.uncp.edu/home/rwb/kristallnacht_arrests.jpg

http://atschool.eduweb.co.uk/chatback/images/kristallnacht.gif'

https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/images/thumb/a/a0/Immigrants_Behold_the_Statue_of_Liberty.jpg/320px-Immigrants_Behold_the_Statue_of_Liberty.jpg

Written and Prepared for IB SL Geography Class at Cairo American College, Mrs. Popinchalk, Period B, by Saad Asif and Sherif Hassanein.